Bourdieu’s notion of cultural capital was first elaborated in the same years in which Becker diffused the notion of human capital and was openly critical towards it. In the words of Bourdieu himself: the concept of cultural capital which, being elaborated and deployed at more or less the same time as Gary Becker was putting into circulation the vague and flabby notion of ‘human capital’ (a notion heavily laden with sociologically unacceptable assumptions), was intended to account for otherwise inexplicable differences in the academic performance of children with unequal cultural patrimonies and, more generally, in all kinds of cultural or economic practices.