Introduction

Peace is the foundation of social stability, economic development, communal welfare, and overall human flourishing. Yet humanity currently stands at a critical juncture (Muzaffar, 2016: 140). According to Ulusoy (2004: 175), mankind “lives in a world which is being constructed at the same time it is being destroyed. Symbols are made and symbols are destroyed… People are born and people are killed. Bonds are formed bonds are destroyed. Peace is made; war destroys.” The ultra-modern world produces technological sophistication, rapid modes of travel, enhanced production, and efficient lifestyles, while simultaneously devising more effective mechanisms of killing and scientifically orchestrated massacres (Baumann, 2005).