Trends in fungicide resistance in North-West Europe

In this chapter, trends in fungicide resistance in North-West Europe will be discussed. Countries considered include Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and the UK. The Northern European countries (Norway, Sweden, Finland) are characterised by a Nordic climate with cold winters and mild, humid summers. Because of their cold winters, the Northern region is less prone to fungal diseases than the Western region of Europe. The Western European countries (Ireland, UK, the Netherlands, Denmark, Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg, the North of France) have a maritime climate with mild winters and humid summers and are very prone to fungal diseases. The South of France has a mediterranean climate. Austria, Switzerland and the eastern part of Germany have an Eastern-continental climate with cold winters and hot dry summers.