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Government policies have played a major role in U.S. agriculture. Early policies include land grants, homesteading, investment in public research, extension, and land reclamation. The twentieth century saw the emergence of policies that supported farm income and enhanced demand for agricultural food domestically and internationally (Cochran 1993). The Dust Bowl of the 1930s initiated soil conservation programs in the United States and Canada. Increased environmental awareness and concerns in the 1970s led to the formation of the Environmental Protection Agency and legislation, including the Clean Air Act; Clean Water Act; Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA); and Endangered Species Act. Individual states developed their own environmental legislation, and this new environment affected how agriculture was practiced. Public projects in agriculture have been subjected to rigorous environmental evaluation, with traditional agricultural policies that aim to protect farm income transforming to also target environmental conservation objectives. Thus, agricultural development has become directed, in part, by environmental objectives.

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Developments in agri-environment schemes (AES): North America

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2024年

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  • Gordon Rausser,
  • David Zilberman

摘要

Government policies have played a major role in U.S. agriculture. Early policies include land grants, homesteading, investment in public research, extension, and land reclamation. The twentieth century saw the emergence of policies that supported farm income and enhanced demand for agricultural food domestically and internationally (Cochran 1993). The Dust Bowl of the 1930s initiated soil conservation programs in the United States and Canada. Increased environmental awareness and concerns in the 1970s led to the formation of the Environmental Protection Agency and legislation, including the Clean Air Act; Clean Water Act; Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA); and Endangered Species Act. Individual states developed their own environmental legislation, and this new environment affected how agriculture was practiced. Public projects in agriculture have been subjected to rigorous environmental evaluation, with traditional agricultural policies that aim to protect farm income transforming to also target environmental conservation objectives. Thus, agricultural development has become directed, in part, by environmental objectives.