The COVID-19 pandemic has had profound socioeconomic consequences worldwide, with India experiencing a significant reverse migration phenomenon as millions of migrant workers returned to their rural homes due to lockdown measures. Ganjam district in Odisha, traditionally a source of migrant labour, became a microcosm of this reverse migration during the pandemic. The district of Ganjam has been selected as the field for empirical investigation. This chapter unearths various dimensions of the Ganjam district as well as the socioeconomic profile of the respondents selected for the empirical understanding of reverse migration. The study offers a detailed exploration of the district’s demographic, economic, and geographic features, providing essential context for understanding the scale and nature of reverse migration. The next two chapters aim to empirically explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on the reverse migrants of Ganjam, Odisha, focusing on their challenges, coping mechanisms, and potential avenues for support and intervention.