This chapter offers an in-depth examination of the profound impact of India’s COVID-19 pandemic-induced lockdown on internal migrants, focusing on the cascading socioeconomic consequences and the massive phenomenon of reverse migration. Drawing on legal, constitutional, and policy frameworks, the chapter unpacks the vulnerabilities faced by migrant workers stranded in urban centres following the abrupt suspension of economic activities. It critically analyses the multi-dimensional challenges encountered by these workers, including loss of employment, food insecurity, and chaotic repatriation processes. Structured into five key sections, the chapter first maps the landscape of internal migration in India, then explores the legal protections for migrant workers, followed by an assessment of the pandemic’s triggering of mass reverse migration. It further evaluates government initiatives and Supreme Court interventions aimed at alleviating migrant distress. The chapter concludes by synthesizing insights on the systemic gaps revealed by the crisis and offers reflections on strengthening migrant welfare frameworks.