The United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement (USMCA) is a regional and preferential trade agreement that replaced the former North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) on 1 July 2020, following a renegotiation of the latter. This entry discusses key issues in the renegotiation process, the most important new features of USMCA, and the trends in North American trade in the early years of its operation. The entry focuses on the negotiation of USMCA under the first Trump administration (2017–2020), its implementation and impact during the Biden administration (2021–2024), and Trump’s launch of a potential US trade war with Canada and Mexico at the beginning of his second term (early 2025).

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United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement (USMCA): Origins and First Years

  • Robert A. Blecker,
  • Walter J. Ankner

摘要

The United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement (USMCA) is a regional and preferential trade agreement that replaced the former North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) on 1 July 2020, following a renegotiation of the latter. This entry discusses key issues in the renegotiation process, the most important new features of USMCA, and the trends in North American trade in the early years of its operation. The entry focuses on the negotiation of USMCA under the first Trump administration (2017–2020), its implementation and impact during the Biden administration (2021–2024), and Trump’s launch of a potential US trade war with Canada and Mexico at the beginning of his second term (early 2025).