Over the last four decades, the provision of economic infrastructure in Latin America and the Caribbean has been marked by significant contrasts, reflecting the region’s high political, economic and social volatility. Despite notable progress, the region still faces substantial challenges compared to other regions and its domestic requirements. Limited information on quantitative and qualitative infrastructure indicators and investment hampers comprehensive analysis. Research focused on the region highlights the critical role of infrastructure in promoting economic growth, reducing inequality and alleviating poverty. Studies demonstrate that inadequate infrastructure investment has significantly hindered the region’s economic development. Furthermore, there is a growing need to broaden the definition of infrastructure and improve its measurement to better reflect its economic impact. To achieve long-term growth and development, the region must prioritize the adequate provision and access of infrastructure and its associated services in terms of quantity and quality within a framework of adequate and stable regulations. This approach aligns with the strategies of currently advanced economies and is essential for addressing the region’s economic and social challenges.