In this chapter, we delve into the rapid pace of urbanization, a process that is reshaping our world. As more than half of the global population now resides in urban areas, the transformation of cities is accelerating. This shift is driven largely by technological advancements that not only change the physical landscape of cities but also have a profound impact on how we live and interact. Key drivers include the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence for traffic and energy management, and renewable energy systems integrated into urban infrastructures. For example, Singapore’s Smart Nation initiative uses sensors and AI to optimize transport flows and reduce energy consumption, illustrating how technology directly shapes modern urban life.