Food waste is a critical global challenge with far-reaching environmental, economic, and social implications. This chapter explores how the synergy between Internet of Things (IoT) technologies and biotechnology offers innovative, data-driven solutions to significantly reduce food waste across the agricultural value chain. IoT systems enable real-time monitoring of food quality, storage conditions, and transportation logistics, thereby enhancing supply chain efficiency and minimizing spoilage. Smart sensors, intelligent packaging, and predictive maintenance play a pivotal role in preventing waste from production to consumption. In parallel, biotechnology provides powerful tools to extend shelf life and improve preservation through genetically engineered crops, antimicrobial coatings, and microbial treatments. The chapter also categorizes food preservation methods into physical, chemical, biological, and modern technologies, such as modified atmosphere packaging, pulsed electric fields, and nanotechnology. By combining these technological advancements, stakeholders can reduce food waste by up to 40%, promote sustainability, and contribute to a circular economy. The integration of IoT and biotechnology fosters improved resource management, enhances food security, and supports environmentally responsible practices. This chapter highlights the transformative potential of these technologies in building a smarter, more sustainable food system for the future.