Research Progress of 3D Bioprinting PEEK Scaffold Material for Bone Regeneration

Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) is a semi-crystalline high-performance polymer, widely recognized on the international stage as one of the most promising next-generation biomaterials poised to replace titanium alloys in the production of bone implants. In contrast to metallic materials, PEEK boasts an elastic modulus similar to that of human bones. It exhibits outstanding biocompatibility, mitigates stress shielding effects, offers X-ray transparency for improved intraoperative and postoperative monitoring, and finds extensive applications across various domains, including spinal, joint, trauma, craniofacial, neurosurgery, and plastic surgery. 3D-printed PEEK composite bone implants exhibit exceptional biocompatibility and possess bone-inductive properties. They can be meticulously designed with porous surface structures conducive to enhanced bone fusion, rendering them highly advantageous for medical applications. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the current research status, manufacturing methodologies, and future prospects of 3D-printed PEEK and its composites in the field of biomedicine. Future research endeavors should aim to further optimize the manufacturing processes and enhance the performance of PEEK implants, ultimately fostering their widespread adoption within the medical community.