Study on Landscape Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Chinese Traditional Settlements Based on Niche Theory

The Anhui settlement is one of the best preserved in China. Its conservation research is a typical case of sustainable research and an essential component of ecosystem research. In this paper, six typical Anhui communities were considered. Combining traditional Fengshui environmental studies with modern niche-related ideas and using techniques of entity study, including qualitative analysis, quantitative research, and data retrieval, this paper analyzes the landscape characteristics at the macro, medium, and micro levels. The research results show that the conventional settlements in Huizhou are built on the mountains, forming a geographical space model with mountains on four sides or three sides in the east, south, west, and north and open halls, which form an ideal settlement model. At the same time, the rational use of land, resources, and space should be promoted according to the development conditions of settlements to steadily realize the spatial succession of traditional settlements and walk off the road of characteristic ecological development.