Human Coronaviruses (COVID-19)

Severe pneumonia disease emerged in Wuhan city, China. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared it as the public health emergency of international concern on 30 January 2020 and on 11 March 2020 as pandemic. The emergence and spread of the virus were associated with seafood from Wuhan wet market, Hubei Province, China. The WHO designated COVID-19 as the official name of the disease. ‘The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses’ Coronavirus Study Group proposed the name of the virus SARS-CoV-2, referred to as 2019-nCoV. Travellers spread it from Wuhan to Shanghai and Shenzhen in China and Thailand, South Korea and Japan initially. Globally, the death toll from the COVID-19 on 22 August 2022 reached at 6,471,931 and confirmed cases at 600,901,669 worldwide. In the global scene, the top five countries reporting the total number of cases are USA, India, Brazil, France and Germany (Anonymous 2022). Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV2) caused pandemic often ending fatally particularly in the elderly and people with comorbidities like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, etc. It caused panic and associated fear, anxiety, depression, panic attacks and a general decrease in overall wellbeing in the population for over 2 consecutive years (2019–2021).