Applications of Deep Vertical Vibratory Compaction

The planning, execution, and monitoring of deep vertical vibratory compaction (DVVC) is described. Vibratory treatment causes soil densification but also horizontal prestressing. Soil densification starts at a critical shear strain amplitude. Horizontal prestressing is the result of vibratory excitation. Ground vibration velocity is the critical parameter that governs soil compaction. Using modern vibrator technology and electronic monitoring and control systems (MPCS), the compaction process can be optimized. The shape (double-Y) of the compaction probe is a key aspect of efficient compaction. The vibration frequency influences probe penetration, compaction, and extraction. Ground vibration amplification occurs at the resonance of the vibrator-probe-soil system and can be used to enhance the compaction effect. Practical applications of DVVC are described. DVVC can also be combined with vibrated gravel/sand columns, prefabricated, conical concrete elements (nails), and used as full-scale liquefaction testing system.