Gas Hydrate Disasters
摘要
Marine gas hydrate hazards pose a significant threat to submarine pipelines, drilling platforms, and the near-shore environment. These hazards are caused by the formation and decomposition of hydrates, which are closely related to the environmental conditions in which they occur. Gas hydrate is a crystalline substance formed by natural gas and water under high pressure and low temperature. Gas hydrates are cage-like inclusions of gas and water molecules widely distributed in seafloor sediments along the continental slope, island slope, and marginal sea of the world ocean. These sediments occur in various forms, including layered, disseminated, and veined structures. With the increase of offshore drilling activities, the problem of geological hazards caused by gas hydrate has attracted more and more attention.