Laboratory Investigation in Trauma Patients

Worldwide rise in trauma cases has made it a significant public concern and reducing the morbidity and mortality is the major challenge. This can be achieved by a combination of clinical approach that includes initial general assessment, physical examination and supportive laboratory and diagnostic tests. But making a correct choice in the laboratory test is a challenge due to various factors like the time, triage according to condition, special conditions, financial concern, type of facility available, institute policy, etc. Therefore, an attempt to standardize and protocol development in many countries has been tried and reported in studies lately. The parameters that are deranged are to be looked in lieu of the type of trauma, age group and if applicable gender differences. Various parameters like complete blood count, hematocrit, glucose, electrolyte, etc. should be looked into greater detail for interpretation of body functions and prognosis to delay the untoward consequences. Certain test has a diagnostic and prognostic value, but when their serial estimation is to depend entirely on clinical acumen. Thus, carefully charting out the laboratory investigations according to need reduces patient discomfort and cost as well.