Optimal Selection of LQR Weighting Matrices for Frequency Control in Restructured Power System

This article utilizes linear quadratic regulator (LQR) in a two-area restructured power system for automatic generation control (AGC) application. However, choosing appropriate values for LQR weighting matrices (Q and R) is crucial. In this article, the Jaya algorithm, a heuristic optimization technique, is employed for the optimal selection of Q and R matrices of LQR to minimize the objective function based on time-domain specifications so as to achieve enhanced dynamic performance. Simulation study is carried out in the restructured environment under bilateral contract, contract violation, and system parameter variation scenarios. Performance comparison of the proposed method with well-established methods in the literature for LQR weighting matrices’ selection manifests its efficacy. Robustness analysis performed by considering ± 50% change in plant parameters reveal the effectiveness of the employed approach in achieving acceptable performance and guaranteed system stability. Furthermore, the proposed approach is straightforward, easily implementable, and requires less computation time, making it suitable for controller design applications in various fields.