Video Integrity Checking Using X25519 and Nested HMAC with BLAKE2b

Latest developments in video editing or manipulation tools have facilitated effortless alteration of video content without any discernible traces left behind. As a result, it is imperative to subject video data to an integrity verification process before utilizing it as evidence. This paper presents a novel, lightweight approach for verifying the integrity of video data. The proposed method uses Hash-based Message Authentication Code (HMAC) and Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange utilizing Curve 25519 (X25519) with BLAKE2b. Nodes store video verification codes that are generated for video clips of a specific predetermined size. To enhance the security level, each node stores the nested HMAC value of the prior node. The integrity check involves the regeneration and comparison of nested HMAC of the node. The proposed method’s experimental results demonstrate better performance in terms of both speed and security when compared to state-of-the-art methods. With minimal additional storage requirements, our method can identify any type of forgery on any video file, at any given time, by an authorized individual. Security analysis indicates that the method can withstand a range of attacks, such as timing attacks, key substitution attacks, side channel attacks, and brute force attacks.