Systems Biology Approach in Understanding Mitochondrial Disease

The term “mitochondrial diseases” refers to a broad category of hereditary disorders characterized by failure in the mitochondria, the cell’s energy-producing organelles. The molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial diseases have benefited from traditional reductionist approaches, but a more comprehensive understanding is required due to the complex interplay of various factors within the mitochondria and their interactions with the larger cellular environment. The dynamic character of mitochondrial functions and their interconnections with other cellular components are now also taken into account by systems biology. In this article, we discuss the major methods and elements of the systems biology approach concerning mitochondrial illnesses. To establish a connection between the genes, proteins, and metabolites involved in mitochondrial function, we must first explain the multi-omics datasets. We also emphasized several mathematical formulae that explain the dynamic behavior of mitochondria and how they react to therapeutic treatments. So now our main goal of this research review is to elaborate some or the other applications of systems biology associated with biochemistry for studying challenges of the uncharacterized proteins and to open the broader aspects of mitochondrial disorders.