The Important Role of Systems Biology in Neuroscience and Neurology and Its Associated Diseases

Neurodegenerative diseases are a huge global health concern in the Western world due to our ageing population and other factors. Research into these illnesses is therefore essential. The scientific status on neurodegenerative illnesses is summarised in this contemporary book chapter. Understanding the biological complexity of neuronal networks by annealing several physiological processes initiated the role of systems biology in neuroscience and its associated diseases. The overall neurological mechanism encompasses the influence of the memory system over behavioural control, switching mechanisms initiated by several neurotransmitters, and access to motivational and effector systems. This access has fostered the use of systems biology in internal medicine using integrative tools. Lately, the input of systems biology in neuroscience has been more fruitful in marking the topographical mappings localised to the brain region, thereby targeting disease-specific regions. They have enabled several alternatives for treating neurological disorders by identifying new pharmacological targets leading to novel interventional strategies. Therefore, the potential of computational neuroscience might pave the way for comprehensive methods for evaluating and optimising the efficacy of drugs. Also, neuroimaging studies reveal the synaptic impulses underlying the mechanism of depression, addiction, alcoholism, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and several other neurological complications. Systems biology in neurosciences should be encouraged in order to further attempts to bridge the gap and strengthen a comprehensive understanding of the NeuroPhysiome.