Overview of SOC Estimation Strategies for Battery Management in Electric Vehicles

Electric and hybrid electric vehicles are becoming more popular today. Typically, batteries serve as the major energy source. Battery management is used to optimize battery use and protection. This battery management system provides cell balancing and guards against overcharging and over-discharging of batteries. For these purposes, a precise state of charge assessment is required. The many techniques used to determine state of charge (SOC) can be categorized as direct measurement techniques, accounting techniques, adaptive techniques, and hybrid techniques. This article discusses the benefits and drawbacks of the most prominent state-of-charge estimation methodologies. The review also outlines the critical reaction factors required for calculating the battery SOC precisely. This will help make sure that the SOC assessment is precise. It will help a lot when deciding on the best method for making an EV's energy storage and control strategy secure and reliable.