Pancreas, Gallbladder, and Bile Ducts

Applied anatomy of the pancreas, stem cells, secretion of bile and pancreatic secretions, and their feedback control mechanisms have been outlined. Pathogenesis and management of key clinical topics like gallstones, biliary malignancy, and indeterminate biliary stricture have been discussed. Revised Atlanta classification of acute pancreatitis, recent advances in the management of peripancreatic collections, walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN), and pancreatic malignancy are discussed. This section includes Indian data on chronic pancreatitis and genetics. The role of pancreatic functional testing and the role of pancreatic enzyme supplements have been discussed.