Distributed Energy Storage Sharing Strategy for Microgrid: An Asymmetric Nash Bargain-Based Integration Approach

Energy storage is an effective tool in microgrids to absorb new energy output and smooth its fluctuations. Multiple users within a microgrid have their own distributed energy storage (DES). In this paper, we propose an energy storage sharing (ESS) model aggregated by a common platform within a microgrid to improve user benefits and energy storage utilization. The electricity cost of users and the benefits from sharing the owned energy storage are fully considered in the model, which effectively promotes the consumption of new energy in the microgrid and maximizes the benefit of users. The proposed operational strategy is divided into two phases: energy dispatch and transaction payment. The new energy consumption rate is effectively improved based on the energy dispatch in the shared mode, and the problem of profit distribution among multiple users is fairly addressed by a transaction payment method based on Asymmetric Nash Bargaining. The model is solved by the alternating direction multiplier method, which can effectively protect the privacy of each subject. The results shows that the benefits of the three users increased by 8.37, 0.1076 and 0.3375 times respectively through the proposed method. Users who share more power and energy storage have greater benefits, which proves that the fairness of the distribution is improved by the proposed distribution method. It is conducive to increasing the enthusiasm of users to participate in sharing.