A Study on Fault Detection, Localization, and Classification Strategies in Modern Distribution Grid

Due to increasing focus on climate change and stress on carbon neutrality the role of renewable energy is continuously increasing. With the incorporation of distributed generators and electrical vehicles, there is a huge effect on the operation characteristics of the distribution network thereby making fault diagnosis much more complicated. Nowadays, for the smartification of the distribution grids, advanced telecommunication technologies and high frequency sensors are being installed in the distribution network. Therefore an appropriate fault diagnosis strategy is essential which fully utilizes the equipment resources of the grid so that the effect of fault on the distribution system and its component can be mitigated. Furthermore, the fast detection and localization of faults can help in quicker isolation and restoration of supply which will not only enhance the power quality but also increase the reliability of the network. In this paper, a study on various techniques of fault detection, localization, and classification in active distribution systems is presented.