Land Subsidence Mechanism Under the Influence of Deep Recharging, Intermediate Dewatering and Shallow Loading in Shanghai

Shanghai is located in the Yangtze River Delta. Land subsidence has been developing since 1910, and its maximum land subsidence has reached 2 m. The accelerated subsidence has been controlled by restricting deep aquifer groundwater exploitation and recharging. However, the land subsidence induced by underground space exploitation become obvious. Shallow underground space has been exploited at large scale, and deep underground space has been planned and developed. Understanding the new mechanism of land subsidence is important for subsidence control. A conceptual model considering the influence of deep groundwater pumping, deep recharging, intermediate-depth pumping, and shallow loading was established. The land subsidence control strategy was discussed with a typical region as an example. The results can provide contribute to land subsidence prevention of Shanghai and other cities.