In order to save ourselves and protect our global village, humanity must unite to build a shared community of destiny, insist on win–win cooperation, and take immediate action to mitigate and adapt to climate change, for the promise of a brighter future. As a responsible developing country, China has set forth the ambitious goal of achieving carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060 (also known as the “dual carbon” strategy or “3060” goals). This objective is not only essential for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation, but also represents a major strategic decision by China on the global stage. In order to further strengthen the understanding and attention of all sectors of society to the carbon neutral strategy, so as to promote the implementation of the “dual carbon” strategy and the timely achievement of the “3060” goals. This chapter will study the background, scientific connotation, far-reaching influence and great significance of China's carbon peaking and carbon neutral strategy.