Resilience Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste Landfills Based on Groundwater Pollution

China has a large number of Municipal Solid Waste Landfills (MSWLs), and the leachate produced by them have caused serious groundwater pollution disasters. Resilience emphasizes the ability of a system to absorb and digest external shocks and disturbances in normal operation. Resilience also emphasizes a system to adjust and reorganize itself to its original state or reach a new equilibrium state through self-learning. Resilience assessment can help with developing strategies for coping with uncertainty and changes in groundwater pollution events. Limited researches are focused on assessing the resilience of MSWLs in response to groundwater leachate pollution. In this study, the AHP-Delphi method is used to assess the resilience of MSWLs. Considering the two influencing factors of physical and social resilience, an index system and model including 12 assessment indicators are developed. The indicators contain site area, groundwater depth, regional GDP, and so on. This index system and model were used to assess the resilience of 10 MSWLs in China. In this study, the vulnerability of the MSWLs system to leachate pollution disasters before the occurrence of groundwater pollution disasters is considered. The capacity to withstand disasters during the occurrence of disasters is considered. The ability to recover and rebuild after disasters and the leading role of human beings in complex disasters are also considered. Achieved a more comprehensive assessment of the disaster response capacity of MSWLs. The proposed resilience assessment system and model provide a reference for improving the resilience level of MSWLs and also provide a new perspective for resilience research.