Various Applications of Developed DDA-SPH Method to Coupling Problems Involved in Geological Disasters

In the analysis of geological disasters, various coupling problems can be involved. The coupling problems may concern a variety of interactions between different components, such as rock-water interaction, rocky or flexible structure-water interaction, rock-soil interaction, and rocky or flexible structure-soil interaction. It is thus significant to analyze these coupling problems. The coupling of different numerical methods is a potential approach to addressing the complex interaction problems, which is usually difficult for a single numerical method. Because a coupled method can fully utilize both methods involved. The coupling of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) with discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) is a potential tool for various coupling problems, which is developed in our previous studies. In the developed DDA-SPH method, DDA and SPH are suitable for simulating rocks and rocky or flexible structures, and modelling water and soil, respectively. To bridge the two methods, a coupling scheme based on a penalty method is used. Several numerical examples of classical coupling problems involved in geological disasters are presented here. The simulated results suggest that the coupled method can be successfully applied to handle various complex interaction problems.