An Approach to Increase the Lifetime of Traditional LEACH Protocol Using CHME-LEACH and CHP-LEACH

The underwater wireless sensor network (WSN) comprises multiple distributed sensing devices or nodes within the aquatic environment, collecting and transmitting data to a surface-based base station. The acquired data is utilized as needed. These battery-powered, compact-sized nodes necessitate energy-efficient routing protocols due to limited battery capacity. The network finds application in diverse fields, such as oil exploration and temperature monitoring. LEACH algorithm is mostly used algorithms for clustering, but the limited energy of nodes is a very critical challenge for WSN. This study enhances the original LEACH protocol through varied routing approaches, introducing novel algorithms like CHME-LEACH, which considers residual energy for cluster head selection, and CHP-LEACH, which employs probability for cluster head selection. Both algorithms outperform the traditional protocols in reduced energy consumption and lifetime of networks.