The Emerging Applications of Machine Learning in the Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis

A chronic autoimmune inflammatory condition called multiple sclerosis (MS) affects the central nervous system which can cause issues related to the brain, optic nerve, and spinal cord. Machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI)-based multiple sclerosis diagnosis is a rapidly growing field. Multiple sclerosis is a chronic immune system disorder that impacts the central nervous system over an extended period of time and manifests as a variety of symptoms, making it difficult to diagnose. AI and ML techniques have the ability to increase the accuracy and efficiency of MS diagnosis by examining vast quantities of medical information and recognizing patterns that may be challenging for humans to identify. This chapter reviews the current state of the art in AI and ML-based diagnosis of MS, including the use of imaging data, clinical data, and biomarkers. Additionally, it highlights the challenges and limitations of AI and ML in MS diagnosis, along with the potential future possibilities of research in this area.