Applications of Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning in Diagnosis and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and deep learning are growing fields in healthcare and medicine. These techniques can be beneficial for treating chronic rheumatological disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA is a systemic disease that can cause joint damage, disability, and polyarthritis. Machine learning a branch of AI, is used in the medical industry to assist patients and doctors. AI algorithms can help with phenotyping, diagnosis, treatment response evaluation, disease tracking, prognosis, medication discovery, and research. ML may also be able to suggest treatments and calculate the expected benefit. This book chapter summarizes machine learning techniques and applications in rheumatology, mainly supervised learning for e-diagnosis, illness detection, and medical image analysis. Supervised learning techniques such as support vector machine, random forest, natural language processing, and neural networks are discussed. Machine learning may help rheumatologists predict a patient's illness and identify risk factors in the future. Future collaborative decisions will consider the patient's perspective, the rheumatologist's experience and evidence, and machine-learned evidence.