Mathematical Modelling of Artificial Magnetic Conductor Backed Antenna On-Chip Using Response Surface Method for 28 GHz Application

In recent years, innovation in mobile and wireless communication systems has required low-profile, high speed and miniaturized antennas. One of the promising of such antennas is Antenna-on-chip (AoC) technology. Research into AoC technology is increasing as the advent of low-power, low-profile and high-speed technologies, including handheld devices, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and internet-of-things (IoTs) increase. This study proposes a modelling of Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC)-backed AoC. The model offers an improved gain and radiation efficiency focusing on three independent variables: the gap between the patch (Pg), patch width (Pw), and the substrate height (hs). The model optimization was realized using Response Surface Method (RSM) and developed two output response equations optimized operating frequency (F0) and the AMC reflection phase (Rp) using a Reduced Quartic Model (RQM). Optimized values for the variables Pg, Pw, and hs were 0.225 mm, 0.2 mm and 0.25 mm with a gain of 2.89 dBi, 1.83 dBi and efficiency of 59% and 46% for the design with and without DRP-AMC. Moreover, realizes a bandwidth of 1.24 GHz and 1.2 GHz, respectively.