Mechanisms of Peripheral Sensitization in Neuropathic Pain

The mechanism of neuropathic pain contains central and peripheral components. Both can cause allodynia and hyperalgesia. The peripheral sensitization plays a pivotal role in the development of chronic neuropathic pain. Mechanisms underlying peripheral sensitization are intricate and encompass various aspects ranging from the skin to the dorsal root ganglion, including processes of detection, transduction, transmission, and regulation. In this chapter, we provide a comprehensive review of frequently employed animal models for investigating neuropathic pain. Subsequently, we delve into an extensive introduction of the contributions made by keratinocytes, primary sensory neurons, inflammatory pathways, and glial cells. Gaining a thorough comprehension of the underlying mechanisms linked to every element within the pain pathway allows us to pinpoint innovative therapeutic targets for the efficient management of neuropathic pain.