Child Health Status and Utilization of Healthcare Services

Ensuring the survival and well-being of children is a fundamental goal that every society should strive to achieve.  In this Chapter, we deal with the issues of health and healthcare service utilization, particularly those concerned with the pressing issue of childhood mortality in India. With 5.3 million children worldwide facing premature deaths before the age of five, this chapter delves into the specific challenges faced in Indian states and across various socio-economic classes. Understanding childhood mortality is crucial not only for assessing a nation's overall well-being but also in addressing the root causes. The chapter provides and understanding of childhood morbidity, health-seeking behaviors, and the utilization of healthcare services, including immunization and institutional delivery. Adolescent pregnancy and mental health among teenagers are also discussed. The need for targeted interventions can be seen from the analysis. The discussions in the Chapter are aligned with the urgency of achieving SDG-3, which will require emphasis on tailoring policy interventions to address healthcare needs of children. While positive strides have been made in areas such as immunization and institutional delivery, persistent disparities and challenges in several other areas necessitate targeted efforts to ensure equitable health outcomes for all children. Addressing regional disparities, cultural barriers, and promoting adolescent health are also crucial components for achieving SDG-3 and fostering a healthier society.