Anthropometric Failure and Undernutrition Among Children

 Undernutrition remains a key challenge among children in several parts of India. In this Chapter, we investigate the persistent challenge posed in the form of anthropometric failure and undernutrition. Several key indicators including stunting, wasting, underweight, and the composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF) are used to assess malnutrition among under-five children across Indian states. Anemia among this age group is also explored as an indicator of poor nutrition and health. The analysis extends to adolescents aged 15-19 to evaluate nutrition deficiency through age-appropriate Body Mass Index (BMI) and anemia rates. The chapter also examines various government policies aimed at reducing child malnutrition and discusses their efficacy and potential impact. These efforts have been met with mixed progress as high malnutrition rates are found to persist, particularly among vulnerable populations, which reveals significant state-level disparities. States with substantial tribal populations face heightened challenges due to limited healthcare access and nutritious food. Finally, the chapter emphasizes the need for multifaceted and targeted approaches to combat child malnutrition, with a focus on marginalized populations, and a comprehensive strategy involving nutrition programs, caregiver empowerment, healthcare system strengthening, and social safety nets.