Experimental Study on Transient Behavior of Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolytic Cells Under Voltage Fluctuations

The transient behavior of proton exchange membrane (PEMEC) under voltage fluctuation conditions is a research focus for hydrogen production from renewable energy sources. This paper conducts an experimental study on the transient response of PEMEC under voltage fluctuation conditions. The transient behavior of PEMEC under different voltage fluctuation conditions is explored. The experimental results show that the voltage fluctuation causes a significant current overshoot. The current overshoot amplitude increases with the voltage step amplitude. The overshoot phenomenon is more pronounced at low voltages, and the overshoot decreases with the overall voltage increase. Voltage regulation at high voltages should reduce the magnitude of voltage changes to prevent excessive transient power from damaging the electrolyzer and creating safety problems. In addition, the current overshoot is larger at the beginning of continuous voltage fluctuation. The current amplitude gradually decreases and stabilizes as the voltage fluctuation time increases. This study elucidates the transient behavior of PEMEC during voltage fluctuations. The study results are expected to provide technical support and data reference for developing control systems for renewable energy hydrogen production systems under fluctuating conditions.