Bioconversion of CO2 into Valuables

The world today is experiencing adverse effects of climate change due to the escalated levels of greenhouse gases such as CO2 in the atmosphere. Consequently, there is an urgent need for minimizing the CO2 level to tackle climate change. Utilization of CO2 for synthesizing valuable commodities, such as biofuel and biochemical, is an effective strategy toward mitigating climate change as well as the energy crisis. Moreover, the conversion of CO2 into valuable products is also a promising step for achieving carbon neutrality and exemplifying a circular economy. In this regard, several methods, such as physical, chemical, and biological, are available for the utilization and conversion of CO2. However, biological methods for the conversion of CO2 into biofuels and biochemicals are more sustainable as they are environmentally friendly and cost-effective compared to the chemical methods. Thus, in this chapter, different CO2 bioconversion processes with their efficacy and their limitations have been discussed. Besides this, future developments in terms of CO2 bioconversion have also been presented for alleviating the limitations, so that the production of biocommodities from CO2 can be achieved at a large scale.