The Silent Epidemic: Understanding and Addressing Child Sexual Abuse in India

The maltreatment of children can be divided into four main categories: physical abuse, emotional abuse, neglect, and sexual abuse, the last of which is considered the most severe. Child abuse can take different forms, causing physical or psychological harm to young children. Child sexual abuse involves the violation of a child’s physical or mental integrity with the intention of engaging in sexual activity. Usually, this kind of abuse is carried out by an adult who has a position of authority or trust over the child. India is home to the world’s second-largest population of children, with 42% of its population under the age of eighteen. Every year, millions of children in India are victims of murder, rape, or exploitation. They are vulnerable to physical and mental harm, and the emotional trauma they suffer can have long-term effects. The solutions to this problem are clear, and resources are available. It is up to society to take action and create a world that is safe for children. Sexual abuse is a particularly heinous crime committed against children, and it is prevalent in Asian societies. Children in these societies are taught to respect and obey their elders, which can make it difficult for them to speak out against abuse. A survey commissioned by the Indian government found that 53% of Indian children are victims of sexual abuse or assault, but most do not report the abuse. The perpetrators are often known to the victims or have a position of trust and responsibility. India urgently needs a law to protect children from sexual abuse and assault. This chapter focuses on child sexual abuse, the legal loopholes, and the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act of 2012.