Herpes Encephalitis

Encephalitis is the inflammation of the brain parenchyma resulting in neurological symptoms, with infectious etiologies being common. Herpes encephalitis is the most common cause of fatal encephalitis all around the world. Herpes viruses are the enveloped DNA viruses, out of which herpes simplex 1 has been found to be the most common sporadic cause. The clinical manifestations are usually altered sensorium, fever, headache, seizure, and focal neurologic symptoms. Despite treatment, HSV-1 encephalitis has high mortality and mortality with cognitive and other focal neurological sequelae.