Strategies to Reduce/Manage Fish Waste

Recovery of fish waste has taken the priorities of industrialist and scientists, given its richness in high-value products. A better management of this marine resource could increase the profit margin and reduce environmental pollution. During last decade, fish wastes were used as raw material of some marine biopolymers such as chitin/chitosan and its derivatives, gelatin and collagen, mineral compound as hydroxyapatite, and vitamins. Thus, fish waste could transform into animal feed (fish meal or pet feed), fish silage, protein hydrolysates, bioactive peptide, omega-3, biodiesel/biogas, and soil fertilizer. However, their application is limited to the laboratory scale. This chapter will highlight fish waste as feedstock of marine compounds and different strategies to reduce and manage fish wastes. The best management of fish wastes could enhance a circular economy and zero marine waste; consequently, it could open new avenues for natural marine compounds.