Potential of Fish Waste for the Production of Sustainable Biogas and Biodiesel

The usage of fossil fuels in the production of energy and transportation sector is a contributing factor to global warming. In recent years, it has become clear that the use of biofuels like biodiesel, bioethanol, biogas, and other syn-fuels can help to mitigate climate change and global warming by reducing the usage of fossil fuels made from petroleum crude oil. The fish processing bio-waste fundamentally contaminates marine or aquatic ecosystems by reducing pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen levels in water bodies. Fish waste can therefore be used in a variety of ways, such as the production of biofuels that can improve socio-economic stability, contribute to energy security, and increase resilience to environmental threats brought on by climate change by reducing GHG emissions. Gaseous fuel such as biogas is mainly composed of methane gas used for heating, cooking purposes, and the production of electricity through internal combustion engines, while biodiesel is a liquid biofuel used in diesel engines. An overview of fish waste produced by the aquaculture and fishing processing sectors is covered in this chapter, along with information on environmental issues related to the introduction of fishing waste into aquatic and marine environments. Additionally, it discusses the need of manufacturing biodiesel and biogas from fish waste and byproducts for long-term growth in the renewable energy sector and sustainable development. The characterization, engine performance, and emission characteristics of the biodiesel and biogas produced from fish waste are incorporated in the chapter's concluding section.