3D Quantitative Risk Assessment of the Interior of a Hydrogen Refueling Station in Shanghai

By February 2023, the number of hydrogen refueling stations in China has exceeded 350.The Shanghai Chemical Industry Park station has a designed hydrogen supply capacity of 5000 kg per day, making it one of the largest hydrogen refueling stations in the world at present.A 3D quantitative risk assessment (QRA) is conducted for this station. Hazards associated with hydrogen systems are identified. Leakage frequency of hydrogen equipment are analyzed. Jet flame, explosion scenarios and corresponding accident consequences are simulated. Risk acceptance criteria for hydrogen refueling stations are discussed. The results show that the risk of this refueling station is acceptable. And the maximum lethality frequency is 6.3 * 10−6. The area around compressors has the greatest risk. People should be avoided as far as possible from the compressor when the compressor does not need to be maintained. With 3D QRA, the visualization of the evaluation results will help stakeholders to observe the hazardous areas of the hydrogen refueling station at a glance.