Deep Hough Transform for Gaussian Semantic Box-Lines Alignment

Image correction and trimming for the digitization of paper-based records is a challenging task. Existing models and techniques for object detection are limited and cannot be applied directly. For example, non-directional bounding boxes cannot correct skewed images, paper-based scanned images with complex boundaries (torn pages and damaged edges) cannot locate obvious bounding boxes, resizing high-resolution image leads to accuracy errors, etc. To this end, in this paper, we proposed a Boundary Detection Network (BDNet) based on deep hough transform, which implements semantic boundary detection with geometrical restriction in a coarse-to-fine mean. The model is mainly divided into two stages: coarse location and refined adjustment. The former predicts the boundaries’ orientations and positions at the down-sampled image. The latter refines the boundary positions using the image patches sampled from the coarsely-located boundary in the original image. Among them, each stage contains two main modules: The Semantic Box-Lines (SBL) utilizes Gaussian heatmaps to capture extensive boundary semantic information, while the Deep Hough Alignment (DHA) efficiently extracts global line orientations to align semantic boundaries (box or lines). Detailed experiments and metric analysis verify that our proposed model is effective and feasible on the open-source datasets we collected, i.e., for scanned images with a resolution of \( 2500\times 3500 \) pixels, our method can accurately locate content boundaries and achieve 0.95 IoU accuracy.