Redesigning Saccharomyces cerevisiae Meyen ex E.C. Hansen Using CRISPR to Combat Industrial Needs

Saccharomyces cerevisiae finds an important place in industrial setup for synthesizing molecules with nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals properties thereby serving as cellular factories. Its biomolecular pathways work on Crabtree effect and adopt “make-accumulate-consume” mechanism. Biomolecules of industrial importance derived from it is in demand and its genome editing through various RNA- and DNA-based strategies are topped to raise a capita. Among various strategies utilization of CRISPR, CRISPR-associated (Cas) systems along with SpCas9 and dCAS9 are used for designing productive and tolerant-engineered phenotypes for the enhanced production of industrially important free fatty acid, sesquiterpene lactone, kauniolide, 2 3-Butanediol, 3-hydroxypropionic acid, β-carotene, β-amyrin, santalene, ethanol, furfural etc.. Many engineered phenotypes are produced by editing through SpCas9 for the escalated synthesis of muconic acid, free fatty acids, hydrocortisone, cellobiose utilization or designed for ethanol tolerance, canavanine resistance using sgRNA components while dCAS9 is used to design phenotypes for the production of 2 3-butanediol, isoprenoids, triacylglycerols, glycerol, 3-dehydroshikimate, xylose, and violacein.