Assessment of the Current State of Building Data Resources from a Main Characterization, Data Fields and Functionalities, BIM and LCA Perspective

Buildings are responsible for a significant amount of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions and consume a vast amount of resources, materials and energy. Likewise, the lack of digitalization in the construction industry and the absence of a common data repository generate additional costs, inefficiencies and increase risks. The objective of this article will focus on analyzing the characteristics of the existing Building Data Resources (BDR) such as the Digital Building Logbook (DBL), Building passports, Building Renovation Roadmaps and Digital tools. The analysis will be at national and international levels, which will allow us to know the main aspects considered by most of these resources, detect possible similarities between them and identify improvements and key points. For the achievement of the objective of this study, the analysis of the characteristics of the existing BDR is classified into four main blocks: Main characteristics, Data Fields and Functionalities, Integration degree of the Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Integration degree of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. The results show that half of the BDR have a partial or nonexistent level of digitalization. They also demonstrate that most services offered by these BDR relate more to technical or administrative features. Additionally, several BDR are developed at the BIM level, but in any case, they do not have adequate compatibility formats. Lastly, most of the analyzed BDR do not take into account LCA.