Toward Net-Zero Construction: Integrating Renewable Energy Sources and Energy-Efficient Design Strategies for Sustainable Buildings

The world is currently facing a climate emergency, and the building sector plays a critical role in addressing this challenge. The target of achieving net-zero emissions for all new buildings by 2030, and for all new and existing buildings by 2050, is crucial to limit global temperature rise to 1.5 °C and avoid the worst impacts of climate change. This paper aims to provide an overview of net-zero construction, including its definition, types, and key elements and principles for achieving it. We also highlight the importance of adopting international bodies ‘frameworks such as RIBA and LETI, and existing certification schemes to achieve net-zero carbon emissions in the building sector. We review the state of net-zero construction in developed countries and highlight specific challenges and issues related to net-zero construction in developing countries. This article proposes improvements for an existing office building to enhance its energy performance and transform it into a net zero construction and concludes by emphasizing the importance of net zero construction in achieving global sustainability goals and promoting economic development in developing countries.