Concept of Watershed Resource Management, Objectives, Principles, Problems, Approaches, and Components

Soil, water, and plants are the three most crucial natural resources and a watershed is an important management unit for natural resources. Watershed management places particular emphasis on flood protection, sediment control, and optimizing crop productivity. The primary objective of the watershed is to enhance the socioeconomic conditions of the general populace residing in the basin. This is achieved by the augmentation of their income-generating potential and the provision of essential amenities, including electricity, potable water, irrigation water, and protection from the adverse impacts of floods and droughts. A number of constraints are also a part of watershed that includes physical problems, resource use problems, end problems, and socioeconomic and other problems. Watershed management program have different components, i.e., soil and water conservation measures, water harvesting, crop management, and alternate land use systems.