Smart Materials in Medical Applications: An Overview of Machine Learning-Based Futures

Smart materials (SMs) are a revolutionary advancing technology that can improve patient care in medical applications. Medical systems will be more efficient and effective in the future thanks to machine learning (ML) algorithms. Hence, in this paper, we present a look at ML-based medical futures as the foundation of our study of SMs. To realize the potential of SMs and ensure they are used responsibly, we identify areas of study that require consideration. Thus, this paper discusses the fabrication of SMs in particular hydrogels and their potential applications in biomedicine. SMs and hydrogels are explored in detail in this review, including techniques used to make hydrogels smart/intelligent by eliciting stimuli-responsiveness and environmental cue sensitivity. Moreover, the process of crosslinking polymers with reactive components and diverse substances is explained. We also discuss how intelligent hydrogels can be applied to wound healing, drug delivery, and tissue engineering, alongside stimuli-responsive hydrogels. Applied to medical and machine learning applications, this review opens the door to smart materials.