Recycling of Agricultural Waste for Biohydrogen Production

Rapid deteriorations of the natural environment and the energy crisis are prime concerns for sustainable development. Hydrogen being the promising candidate and research highlight is considered because it possesses high energy content and is the cleaner form of energy. In this context, biohydrogen production from biological process (fermentation) is an environmentally friendly alternative and creates a path for utilization of agricultural waste. Being abundant in nature, utilization of agricultural waste for biohydrogen production is very advantageous since they are cheap and highly biodegradable, but their limitation lies in lower productivity. Many conducted researches focused their work on improving biohydrogen production efficiency. Hence, this chapter highlights the improving routes and recent advances for its production from agricultural waste. In extend to it, key factors and operational parameter pretreatment method, substrate resource, and fermentation conditions (pH, partial pressure, temperature, etc.) are discussed along with challenges to facilitate further research and future prospects in this domain.