This chapter introduces rare-earth metal–organic frameworks (RE-MOFs), an interesting subclass of MOFs synthesized using Sc(III), Y(III), and the 15 lanthanoids from La(III) to Lu(III). First, the structures of RE-MOFs are described, classified by the identity of the metal node as either a RE(III) ion, chain, or cluster. Then, several potential applications of RE-MOFs are discussed, ranging from white light emission to catalysis and chemical sensing. This chapter covers recent literature on RE-MOFs since 2020, as other comprehensive review articles have covered the literature on RE-MOFs prior to 2020.